How to Produce Sounds
/b/ Press your lips together. Push air against the inside of your lips. Open your mouth and let out a small puff of air. Your throat will vibrate as you make the /b/ sound.
/d/ Put the front of your tongue on the roof of your mouth, just behind your teeth. Open your mouth slightly. Push your tongue forward to release a puff of air. Your throat will vibrate as you make the /d/ sound.
/f/ Put your teeth on your lower lip. Blow air through your teeth. You do not use your voice in making the /f/ sound, and so your throat does not vibrate.
/g/ Lift the back of your tongue. Put it against the roof, near the back of your throat. Lower your tongue and push it forward to release a puff of air. Your throat should vibrate as you say the /g/ sound.
/h/ Keep your tongue low. Open your mouth wide. Then use your lungs to push a lot of air out of your mouth quickly.
“j” Push out your lips slightly. Put your tongue on the roof of your mouth, just behind your teeth. Slowly move your tongue away from your teeth as you let out of puff of air.
/k/ Raise the back of your tongue. Place it against the roof on the back part of your mouth. Then lower your tongue and release a small puff of air.
/l/ Put the tip of your tongue on the roof of your mouth, behind your upper front teeth. Keep the sides of your tongue relaxed. Make the /l/ sound, letting the air come out from the sides of your tongue.
/m/ Press your lips together. Keep them closed while you make the /m/ sound. (Try holding your nose while you make the sound. You won’t be able to do it because the air needs to go out of your nose in order for you to make the sound.)
/n/ Press your tongue on the roof of your mouth, right behind your upper front teeth. Make the /n/ sound with your voice. (Try holding your nose while you make the sound. You won’t be able to do it because the air needs to go out of your nose in order for you to make the sound.)
/p/ Press your lips together. Push air against the inside of your lips. Open your mouth and let out a small puff of air. Your throat will not vibrate as you make the /p/ sound.
“q” Place the back of your tongue against the roof on the back part of your mouth. Then lower your tongue and let out a small puff of air. While releasing the air, put your lips together, and push out your lips.
/r/ Lift your tongue and move it to the back of your mouth. Keep your tongue high as you say the /r/ sound.
/s/ Bring your teeth close together. Put your tongue behind your front teeth without touching them. Spread your lips slightly, and force air through your mouth to make a hissing sound.
/t/ Put the front of your tongue on the roof of your mouth, just behind your teeth. Open your mouth slightly. Push your tongue forward to release a puff of air. Your throat will not vibrate as you make the /t/ sound.
/v/ Put your top teeth on your lower lip. Blow air through your teeth. You use your voice in making the /v/ sound, and so your throat should vibrate.
/w/ Put your lips close together, but do not let them touch. Make your lips rounded a bit as you say the /w/ sound.
/x/ Place the back of your tongue against the roof on the back of your mouth. Then lower your tongue to release a small puff of air. (This makes the /k/ sound.) Next, bring your teeth close together. Put your tongue behind your front teeth without touching them. Spread your lips slightly, and force air through your mouth to make a hissing sound. (This makes the /s/ sound.)
“y” Lift the middle of your tongue close to the top of your mouth. Press the sides of your tongue against your upper teeth. Keep the tip of your tongue lowered and your top and bottom teeth slightly apart.
/z/ Bring your teeth close together. Put your tongue behind your front teeth without touching them. Spread your lips slightly. Force air through your mouth, letting your throat vibrate as you make the /z/ sound.
“ch” Stick out your lips slightly. Put your tongue on the roof of your mouth, just behind your teeth. Slowly move our tongue away from your teeth as you let out a puff of air.
“sh” Stick out your lips slightly. Put your teeth close together and relax your tongue. The front part of your should touch your side teeth and gums. Let the air come out your mouth in a steady stream.
“th” (voiceless) Put the tip of your tongue between the front teeth. Blow air out through the front of the tongue. Your vocal cords should not vibrate when you make the “th” sound.
“th” (voiced) Put the tip of your tongue between the front teeth. Blow air out through the front of the tongue. Your vocal cords should vibrate when you make the “th” sound.
/b/ Press your lips together. Push air against the inside of your lips. Open your mouth and let out a small puff of air. Your throat will vibrate as you make the /b/ sound.
/d/ Put the front of your tongue on the roof of your mouth, just behind your teeth. Open your mouth slightly. Push your tongue forward to release a puff of air. Your throat will vibrate as you make the /d/ sound.
/f/ Put your teeth on your lower lip. Blow air through your teeth. You do not use your voice in making the /f/ sound, and so your throat does not vibrate.
/g/ Lift the back of your tongue. Put it against the roof, near the back of your throat. Lower your tongue and push it forward to release a puff of air. Your throat should vibrate as you say the /g/ sound.
/h/ Keep your tongue low. Open your mouth wide. Then use your lungs to push a lot of air out of your mouth quickly.
“j” Push out your lips slightly. Put your tongue on the roof of your mouth, just behind your teeth. Slowly move your tongue away from your teeth as you let out of puff of air.
/k/ Raise the back of your tongue. Place it against the roof on the back part of your mouth. Then lower your tongue and release a small puff of air.
/l/ Put the tip of your tongue on the roof of your mouth, behind your upper front teeth. Keep the sides of your tongue relaxed. Make the /l/ sound, letting the air come out from the sides of your tongue.
/m/ Press your lips together. Keep them closed while you make the /m/ sound. (Try holding your nose while you make the sound. You won’t be able to do it because the air needs to go out of your nose in order for you to make the sound.)
/n/ Press your tongue on the roof of your mouth, right behind your upper front teeth. Make the /n/ sound with your voice. (Try holding your nose while you make the sound. You won’t be able to do it because the air needs to go out of your nose in order for you to make the sound.)
/p/ Press your lips together. Push air against the inside of your lips. Open your mouth and let out a small puff of air. Your throat will not vibrate as you make the /p/ sound.
“q” Place the back of your tongue against the roof on the back part of your mouth. Then lower your tongue and let out a small puff of air. While releasing the air, put your lips together, and push out your lips.
/r/ Lift your tongue and move it to the back of your mouth. Keep your tongue high as you say the /r/ sound.
/s/ Bring your teeth close together. Put your tongue behind your front teeth without touching them. Spread your lips slightly, and force air through your mouth to make a hissing sound.
/t/ Put the front of your tongue on the roof of your mouth, just behind your teeth. Open your mouth slightly. Push your tongue forward to release a puff of air. Your throat will not vibrate as you make the /t/ sound.
/v/ Put your top teeth on your lower lip. Blow air through your teeth. You use your voice in making the /v/ sound, and so your throat should vibrate.
/w/ Put your lips close together, but do not let them touch. Make your lips rounded a bit as you say the /w/ sound.
/x/ Place the back of your tongue against the roof on the back of your mouth. Then lower your tongue to release a small puff of air. (This makes the /k/ sound.) Next, bring your teeth close together. Put your tongue behind your front teeth without touching them. Spread your lips slightly, and force air through your mouth to make a hissing sound. (This makes the /s/ sound.)
“y” Lift the middle of your tongue close to the top of your mouth. Press the sides of your tongue against your upper teeth. Keep the tip of your tongue lowered and your top and bottom teeth slightly apart.
/z/ Bring your teeth close together. Put your tongue behind your front teeth without touching them. Spread your lips slightly. Force air through your mouth, letting your throat vibrate as you make the /z/ sound.
“ch” Stick out your lips slightly. Put your tongue on the roof of your mouth, just behind your teeth. Slowly move our tongue away from your teeth as you let out a puff of air.
“sh” Stick out your lips slightly. Put your teeth close together and relax your tongue. The front part of your should touch your side teeth and gums. Let the air come out your mouth in a steady stream.
“th” (voiceless) Put the tip of your tongue between the front teeth. Blow air out through the front of the tongue. Your vocal cords should not vibrate when you make the “th” sound.
“th” (voiced) Put the tip of your tongue between the front teeth. Blow air out through the front of the tongue. Your vocal cords should vibrate when you make the “th” sound.